Apparatus for purifying water.



c. F. WALLACE am. F. HERNAN.

APPARATUS FUR PUR FYING WATIP 2 SHEETS--SIIEET I- Patfente Nov. I9,ISHS. I

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2S. I9I5A if an sat-rias rien.

CHARLES F. WALLACE AND MARTIN F. TIERNAN, OFiNEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS EGR IE'URIFYING VATEI;

Application filed March 25, 1915.

To aZZ evito/nt 'it may conce/w:

Be it .known that We, CHARLES F. EVAL Laer: and MARTIN F. TIERNAN,citizens of the United States, residing at Ioinpkinsville, borough ofRichmond7 city andl Stat-e of New York` and New York, borough ofManhattan, county and State of New York, respectively, have inventedcertain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Purifying lVater,of which the following is a clear, full, and exact description.

r1`his invention relates to an apparatus for and process of purifyingWater and. dissolving chlorin in water, which is treated and ted to thepoint or" application to the main supply ot' water and in such a mannerthat there can be no 'escape ot chlorin to the atmosphere. One of theobjects of the invention is to provide for an increased pressure of apurifying agent, such as chlorln gas, in :l closed chamber so that thereis a greater und more rapid .solubility of the chlorin in Wateraccording to the well-known law of the solubility of gases and liquidsunder pressure. Another object to render the process for making thesolution visible'. A further object is to so mingle the Water jet; as itenters the absorption chamber the gras, that the Water will have astrong intpiuging and cinulsifying ettect upon the gas. thus increasingthe rate ol solution. objects are to provide au apiniratus ot classdescribed. which is eiiicient and practical and in which the parts whichAconstitute the absorption device may be interchanned tor repair andinspection.

These being"r among the objects et the present invention, the sameconsists of the process and certain features oi construction andcombinations ot parts ior carrying out said process to be hereinafterdescribed and then claimed with reference to the accompanying drawingsillustratingan embodiment of the invention, and in which* Figure 1 is afront elevation or the apparatus;

Fig. Q is an enlarged section on the line 2 2 Fig. 1, parts being brokenout, showing the absorption chamber and concomitant parts;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of means for spreadingv the jet of Water asit issues from the inlft into the absorption chamber;

ig. el is an enlarged transverse section of the dilerentialpressure-reducing valve, showing concomitant parts such as the con`Specification of Ziet-ters Patent.

` said diaphragm.

Fatented Non. 19,v `1918.

serial No, 17.123.

trol valve for obtaining a drop in pressure; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse section of a suitable bac-k pressurevalve.

The apparatus forming the subject matter ot' the present application isspeeically dierent from the apparatus forming the subiect matter ot ourcontemporaneous application Serial No. 17,122, and particularly in thefactthat there is no diffuser; this beingdispensed with, as a Solutionis fed directly7 to a main body of Water. In common with the lattercase, the apparatus oi' the present application ma two 'tanks 10, 11.for liquetiedcilorin, an automatically controlled three-Way valve 12,which connects one of the tanks with the gas line 13 when the supplyfrom the other tank is exhausted. Va differential pressure-reducing anda mete-ring or measuring device 23, coin- 85 prision; a dow-meter..Suit-able gages such` as 15", 15b, may also be employed as in dupplication. The dilerential pressure-reducing device of the presentapplication is in pr l valve 15, and the details illustrated in Fiume.

Rete ring to Fie: 4, it 'will be seen that the valve proper 1':

ure across the controq gas through the line 13, and that' the control'aire 15 is located between the aperture controlled by aid valve 17 andthe branch pipe 16. The valve chamber 18 is located to one side of asuitable liexible diaphragm 19 ar- 1.00

ranged in a casing S10-so as to provide a second chamber 21 at theopposite side of This diaphragm is preferably7 reinforced. Branch pipe16 connects with the of e diaphragm 19 there .is located a helicalspring 22 which isplaced under suitable tension. The. complications ofthe pressure'- reducing` device of said other application are not herenecessary, and the device is in very 110 its obyect being to maintainrsimple form, through the medium thereof a constant, drop include 7ofeature, said device being fr wvapted to maintain a: constant drop -1 tthe differential pressure-retin :ing device controls the passage ofchamber 21, and at the same side l0`5 point when 'in pressureacrossthecontrol valve 15 regardless of varying pressure at either` side ofdiaphragm 19.' The difference in pressure inthe line tion at oppositesides of the control valve l5, operates upon the diaphragm against theforce of spring 22 to close the valve 17 to a equilibrium is establishedbetween this difference'in pressure and the 'force of the said spring.Any variation in pressure in the line, beyond the control curacy of thecalibration of valve, is transmitted equally to both sides of said valveand does not aect the rate'lof ow of the gas.

To renderan understanding of the device illustrated in Fig. 4 clearer,it is stated that the known methods for regulating the How of gasesemploy means for eliminating the effect of variation in pressure at thesource of-supply,b ut they donot provide means `for eliminating theeffect of variation in' pressure-at the point of application of saidygas.

It is obvious that the said known methods are not applicable in caseswhere the point of application of said gas is subject to a variablepressure, vbecause such vaafected by variations in the pressure at-rubber or other suitable material.

the source of supply and any variation in pressure at the point ofapplication up to a 'predetermined maximum.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 2, the

l preferred absorption vessel and concomitant partswill now bedescribed. This comprises a glass chamber 25 for containing thesolution, and which may be supported upon a metalI ring 26 which iscarried by the support 27, said chamber 25 being' provided with ashoulder 28 vwhich rests upon said ri ig. The vessel including chamber25 also includes a suitable cover29, the joint between which and theupper edge of the glass chamber 25 is suitably packed as by a gasket 3()which may be composed of a layer of Bolts such as 3l, see Fig. l, passthrough the cover 29 and the metal ring 26, and secure the glass chamber25 in stationary position. later under pressure is introduced intotheabsorpv tion chamber 25 through an inlet 33 in the top or cover 29,while the clilorin gas is introduced through an inlet tube 34 which maybe suitably mounted in the cover 29, and between said tube and theextension 35 of the between the points of connecrecess 39 in cover 29,

layer of of saidV gas through saidr in that it is a .v

ber 25, so as to make dissolved in the gas line from the iow-m`eter 16,there is l0- cated a. back pressure device 36 shown in detailin Fig. 5,and comprising avvalve proper 37 for controlling the passage of the'gasinto the chamber 25. Said back pressure device although in this aboveand directly mounted on the absorption device, need not be described indetail, linasmuch'as the preferred form thereof corlrespondingsubstantially to the one here illustrated, is described fully inaforesaid application.` As explained therein, this back pressure devicemaintains a constantl back pressure on the measuring orifice andprevents moisture from coming back in the orifice, or at least enough todo any damage.l

Preferably the inlet tube 34C is of silver and is surrounded fby abushing 3S which may be of vulcanite, and is screwed into a whichsurrounds the said bushing extending through tho rubber 30 and having aiiange 40 upon which 'said layer is seated, so asto provide a properjoint. Preferably thieJ water `and the gas inlets are'associated closelytogether, substantially as shown. Preferably also, the Water inlet 33 isfiared so that a conical sheet-like jet may be produced by a suitablewater spreading device located in said inlet. This spreading devicef'maycoinprise a tubular section 4-1 screwed into said inlet and having asuitable passage therethrough, in which is rigidly mountedl a spiralblade or web 42 which terminates just back ofthe extreme end oftheinlet. The solution of chlorin is piped off to any desired pointofapplication by means off an outlet pipe 43 which is connected insuitable mantube 34;,

case preferably located ner with' the upper end of a tubular leg 44which may becomposed of vulcanite, and eX- tends from the cover 29 downbeloiv the level of the water and to. a point which is fairly close tothe bottom of the absorption chamo from the chamber anygas except thatwater, for the reason that the gas will remainA at the top of Isaidchamber.

or apparatus is an inclosed one, the gas cannot escape to theatmosphere, and an increased pressure of 'the gas in the absorptionchamber 25 will produce a more 'rapid solubility of the same in the wzter in the chamber. It willibe seen that in operation, the Water jetissuing 'from the inlet 33 will be emitted from its point ofgeneratioinin a it impossible to draw It will be seen that the describedsystem downward direction through the free gas space in which thesurface' of the body 'of l lwater is located, and by reason oit itsbeing unimpededsaid jet will exert its; full force downwardly, so as tohave a strong impinging and ezfnulsifyinpr effect upon the gas issuingfrom the adjacenftnet tube 34 and which is present in Said free space inDart of the chamber, thus increasing ce of solution, and alsosubmitting; the a continuous eznulsifying eil'ect until solubilitythereof is fully accomplished,

s for locating the ontl;

lo ver iev; per part vdie body off. die n l gas may not be fully oissolnore apparent. 'he water sp1' eadii inlet before d iseriliedi pr a" *i froi conical slape,

a larger area as it stril'res the si Water apen which it Lap y moreperfect sohibilitjf of ehe eet-lille jet of water a.; iinene surface ofthe water increases overed thereby at said surface l upper lie renee thetabf lar discharge leg l at lll the "pressure of the gas tends te leviertl water in the absorption vessel.

ilbvionsiy the .invention is susceotible inodibcation parts may loe ein.

and substituted without depart'A i scope of the invention as claimed. atwe elain as new is l. ln en apparatus for purifyir v eornbinationof agas condu g line,u tls i1/r eonsrelling regu'aing the firm.' eil wasthrough said line, a closed vessel ha s .i le special upa.- paiI intowhich said ine eonijlueis s Yl gas, nieanfy 'ndependent ol the pressureoif'said gas for supplying water 'ander pressure in an uninierrupted eddmvmvaifily through said space oi said vessel so as to ne tlv onto t eof the bothv n said free A ind solu'ion dishaving its inlet below the lin said apparatus if purifying' il o i gg' conductii nirolling and r"uli" of gas through 4"free s prisiice lovalve said oriliee in andsoinlis, illii ihllivv l 'il i l *eine lo guise ag i pa r;

was lvouiium'iui .i .ind regnlatii. :gli said line. u, i-losei; in upperp: v fondurfs said gas. ier ander pressure ino sai ripper parl; vnvv aidiy directed Water spreading device located at said water inlet andacross which said water is let into said vessel, and whereby the wateris caused to plunge. downwardlyY into the body of water in said vessel.and solution discharge ineans having its inlet below the water level insaid ve l il. ln an apparatus for purifying water, the combination of agas conducting' line, means Afor controlling and regulating' the rateoif ilovv oi' gas through said line, a elosed vessel having its waterlevel near the top thereof. and above which level said line admits saidgas into said vessel, means for discharging water into said vessel at apoint above said water level and in a downwardljvy directed jet, underpressure independent oi' the pressure of said gas, said vessel being'free from vobstructions to the downward itilungeo said jet onto andinto the body of water in said vessel, and Solution discharge meanshaving its inlet below the said water level. y 5. ln an apparatus forpurifying water7 the combination of a gras conductingr line, means forcviintrolling` and regulating' the rate of How of ffas through saidline, a closed vessel having its water level near the top thereof. andabove which level, said line adinis said las info said vessel, lneansfor discharging wafer into said vessel atea point ahove said wa'rerlevel and in a downwardly directed iet. under pressure independent oi'the pressure oit said gas, said vessel being;r i'ree Troni obstructionsto the downward plunge of said liet onto and into the body of wal'er insaid vesseL back pressure valve means in said line for closingV a valveorifice between .sail-l means and said vessel, and adapted io open underpressure of said gas in a direi-tion reverse to the flow of said gas,and soluion discharge nie-ans having its inle below the said waterlevel. e

in an apparatus for purifying water, the combination of a gas conductinglineI` nimins lor controlling; and regulating the raie of llow oi fasthrough said line, a elosial absorption vessel to the upper parlY ofwhich said line conducts said gas, means im' supplying water in adownward jef into upper part or' said vessel so as to iinpuxge directlyonto the surface of the body of waier in said vessel, a valve casingr insaid liney 'd easing havinga gas outlet toward sarl vi en an automatievalve in lsaid easing normally closing said outlet, and adapted toiufopened iiulependentlv i' the pressure in said vessel. b v Jdiepressure of said gas in a direction reverse. to the flow of said gas7and solution diseharge means having its inlet eonsiderablv below theWater level in said eliainber. v

i' in absorption device for dissolving gas 'aim'. comprising a closedvessel having a 'free and uninterrupted space at and above lll the Waterlevel in said vessel, said vessel being provided at the top of saidspace with two inlets, laterally removed one from the other andrespectively for separately admitting water and gasnnder pressure intosaid vessel, the water inlet being directed downwardly into said vesselto produ r a plunging action of the jet of 'ater onto the body if water1n said vessel. and a solution disehargedeg Pin said yessel extendingdown considerably below 'the water level. j

S. An absorption device for dissolving gas in water, comprising ayclosed vessel having a free and uninterrupted space at and above theWater level therein. said vessel being providedat the topofsaid spacewith two inlets` late ally removed the one from the other andrespectively t'or separately admitting water and gas under pressure intosaid vessel` a downwardly directed water :spreader at. said water inletand at the point of generation of a jet of water from said inlet.whereby theI water is formed into aronical sheet caused to plungedowmvardly,finto the. body of water in said vessel. and a'. solutiondischarge legin said vessel extending down considerably below the xwaterlevel.

9. The process of purifying liquids. which Consists in projecting gasinto :t free space of a closed absorption vessel and directly above arelatively large mobile body of liquid in said space.. and at the sametime projecting a jet of liquid directly down from a point above. s aid.space through the gas in said space, and causing said liquid jet toplunge directly into said body of liquid without impedance and with fullforce.. and thereby churning up said body of liquid to facilitate theabsorption of said gas and to fe. in a solution. 'i

' 10. The -process of purifying liquids. which consists in continuouslyprojecting a jetof gas into a free space ot` a closed absorption Vesseland directly lafbove. a relatively large mobile body of liquid in saidspace, continuouslyv projecting a jet of liquid directly down from apoint above said space through the gas in2said space andlcausing saidliquid jet to plunge directly down into said body of liquidwithoutimpedance and lwith full force,7 thereby elnnrning up said body ofliquid to facilitate the absorption of said gas and to form a. solution.and continuously dischargingv said solution from said Vessel under thepressure of said gas` the surface-level of said body of liquid beingVariably controlled by said gas pressure.

11.' The process of purifying liquids, which consists in j'n'ojectingchlorin gas into a. free Space directly above arelatively la irge mobilebody of Water in a. closed absorption chamber, and at the). same timeprojecting ajet of water through the gasA in said space directly,downfrom its point of generation into said body of water, wfitleafunjwdance and with full force and thereby churning up I under pressureinto a free space directly above a relatively large mobile bodyof liquidin a closed absorption cham-ber. and at the same time projecting aconical sheet-like jet of liquid through the gas in said space directlydown into said body of liquid. and thereby churning up said body ofliquid to facilitate the absorption of said gas and to form a solution.

1?. The process of purifying liquids, which consists in projectingchlorin gas into a free. space directly above a relatively largev mobilebody of water in aclosed absorption chamber, and at the same timeprojecting a jet of water through the gas in said space directly downfrom its point of generation into said body of water. and without.irnpedance and with full force thereby churning up said body of water tofacilitate the absorj-)tion ot' said chlorin gas and to forni asolution. and discharging the said solution under pressure of said gasinto a body of water to be purified. the surtace-level of said body ot'liquid being variably controlled by said gas pressure. 4

lt. The process of purifying liquids. which consists in projecting gasinto a free space directly above arelatively large mobile body of liquidin a closed absorption chainber` and at the same time project-ing aconical sheet-like jet of liquid through the gas in said space directlydown into said body of liquid. and thereby churning up and agitating theupper portion of said body of liquid to facilitate the absorption ofsaid gas and form a solution. discharging said solution under pressure.at a. point where it is compa 'atively quiescent. and increasing thesurface-area covered by the impinging conical jet at the liquid level asthe liquid is pressed further down by the gas aboveit.

l5. The process of purifying liquids` which consists in admitting acontinuous iutlow of wa er under pressure to a closed absorption chamberby directing thereinto a downward Vjet of said water. establishing asupply of chlorin gas under high pressure continuously in producing saidchlorin gas into said chamber under reducedpressure during the directiinpingement of said water jet at full force onto the water in saidchamber from tht` point ot genen ation of said jet, which is the pointof inflow of said water into said chamber, in. order to ferm a solutiontherein, `maintaining by said jet of water such a body ot water in saidchamber as to substantially till it while at the same time violentlyagitating the upper portion of said maintained body of Water by means ofsaid downward jet of Water direct from its point of generation,utilizing the coniiziued pressure of Said gus upon said body nf Water inmid chmube' by the imping'eiueut of said gas upon the so agitatedpoitiouot" said body of Water t0 tend to produce :i continuous eufdow ofsaid .solution keeping up the suppl); of said O'us 2T at said reducedpressure irrespective ofthe pieh'eui'e iu said chamber, contiiiuousydischarging the so formed solution from said chamber by means of Suidgas pressure in seid Chamber, but at 'a point Where said body of Wateris more quiescezit, and applying the so discharged solution lio water`to be 15 purified.

.Signed at New of March, 1915.

CHARLES F. 'VALLACE. MARTIN F. TIERNAN.

York, N. Y., this 22 day Titnesses GEO. L. VHEELOCK, BEATRICE MIRVIS.

